Race riots occurred throughout the United States, preceding those of the modern Civil Rights Movement. These included the Memphis, Tennessee, Race Riot (1866), Hamburg, South Carolina, Race Riot (1873), New Orleans Race Riot (1874), New Orleans Race Riot (1900), Boston Race Riot (1903), Atlanta Race Riot (1906), Springfield, Illinois, Race Riot (1908), East St. Louis, Illinois, Race Riot (1917), Houston, Texas, Race Riot (1917), Longview, Texas, Race Riot (1919), Elaine, Arkansas, Race Riot (1919), Tulsa, Oklahoma, Race Riot (1921), Harlem Race Riot (1935), Harlem Race Riot (1943), and the Detroit Race Riot (1943).