| Type of Joint |
Type of Movement |
Example |
| Planar |
Gliding |
Joints between carpals and tarsals |
| Hinge |
Flexion and extension |
Elbow, knee, and ankle joints |
| Pivot |
Rotation |
Atlantoaxial joint (between first and second vertebrae) |
| Condyloid |
Abduction and adduction |
Wrist joint |
| Saddle |
Flexion, extension, metacarpal abduction, adduction |
Carpometacarpal joint (between bone of thumb and carpal bone of wrist) circumduction |
| Ball-and-Socket |
Rotation, abduction, adduction, circumduction |
Shoulder and hip joints |
The knee joint (tibiofemoral joint) is the most complex in the human body. It is comprised of three different joints: the medial femoral and medial tibial condyles, the lateral femoral and tibial condyles, and the articulation between the patella and the femur. The knee joint is capable of flexion, extension, and medial and lateral rotation to a certain degree. It is also the joint most vulnerable and susceptible to injury. Common knee injuries are tears to the anterior cruciate ligaments (ACL) and tears to the meniscus or cartilage.
