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What chemicals are typically analyzed in a urine analysis?

Just like a blood analysis, there are several analytes that can be looked at by urine analysis: pH, density, proteins, glucose, ketones, leukocytes, blood, or human chorionic gonadotropin (the presence of which can indicate pregnancy).

The results can indicate several things about a person’s health. If the person is well-hydrated, for example, a lower density would be expected. The presence of proteins in the urine is uncommon, and this may indicate that the patient’s kidneys are not functioning properly. Similarly, glucose and ketones should not be present in the urine, but if they are, their presence could be a symptom of diabetes.