The garrison, under the command of Colonel White, held out longer than anticipated, but by the evening of September 14, 1862, Stonewall Jackson had twice as many men, as well as enough guns to commence a fierce artillery bombardment. Had the Federals managed to secure the nearby hills, they might have been able to hold out. Lacking this, they readied themselves to surrender.

The cavalry section of the garrison refused to yield and made a daring escape from Harpers Ferry that night. Their courage prevented the Confederates from gaining over 1,000 horses and saddles, both of which were badly needed. Even so, Stonewall Jackson recorded an impressive victory. Over 11,000 Union men laid down their arms and were soon set free on parole, with the understanding that they would not serve again in the war. Almost as soon as he succeeded in reducing Harpers Ferry, Stonewall Jackson redirected his men, saying they had to go to the assistance of General Lee.