Mongolia (not to be confused with Inner Mongolia, which is a province in northern China), with its tiny population of 2.6 million people spread over 600,000 square miles (1,554,000 square kilometers) of territory, has a population density of about four people per square mile. Mongolia’s density is limited because only one percent of the country can be used for agriculture; the remainder of the country is dry and used for nomadic herding. Mongolia was originally established in the thirteenth century when Genghis Khan overtook and unified much of mainland Asia.