Aristotle’s Organon consists of six early works: Categories, On Interpretation, Prior Analytics, Posterior Analytics, Topics, and Sophistical Refutations. These, together with the Physics and the Metaphysic, address logic, language, the nature of scientific inquiry, and what philosophers have since called ontology, which is the study of things that are real or things that exist.

These works demonstrate a systematic philosophic method of analysis and provide the results of that method in general areas of human knowledge. More specific scientific accounts are found in Aristotle’s On Generation and Corruption, On the Heavens, and Meteorology. On the Soul deals with the general functions of the mind, which in Aristotle’s Parva Naturalis are applied to specific functions, such as remembering, dreaming, sleeping, and waking. Aristotle’s works on biology include the History of Animals, Parts of Animals, and On the Generation of Animals. The Nicomachean Ethics and Eudemian Ethics constitute Aristotle’s theory of moral virtue, whereas his political philosophy is put forth in the Politics. The Rhetoric discusses oratory and persuasion, and the Poetics contains his theory of tragedy as an art form.