Alfred North Whitehead (1861–1947) was famous in analytic philosophy for his collaboration with his student Bertrand Russell (1872–1970) on Principia Mathematica (three volumes; 1910, 1912, 1913). Principia took almost 10 years to complete and was highly regarded as an impressive but ultimately unsuccessful attempt to reduce mathematics to logic. Whitehead was also the American originator of process philosophy, a version of philosophy of science and metaphysics that is similar to pragmatism in its emphasis on change and the dynamic nature of experience.