He became a successful merchant, farmer, and soldier. He opened a general store in Gallatin, Tennessee, that made him a good amount of money. He also was a successful farmer, relying on the working manpower of his slaves.

However, what made Jackson famous was his rise through the military. In 1801, Tennessee officials made him commander of the Tennessee militia. He achieved lasting fame for his efforts during the War of 1812 against both Indian and British forces.