Plant WorldSoil, Gardening, and Farming |
What is the function of various plant nutrients? |
Element | Approximate Percent of Dry Weight | Important Functions |
Macronutrients | ||
Carbon | 44 | Major component of organic molecules |
Oxygen | 44 | Major component of organic molecules |
Hydrogen | 6 | Major component of organic molecules |
Nitrogen | 1–4 | Component of amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, coenzymes |
Potassium | 0.5–6 | Component of enzymes, protein synthesis, operation of stomata |
Calcium | 0.2–3.5 | Component of cell walls, maintenance of membrane structure and permeability, activates some enzymes |
Magnesium | 0.1–0.8 | Component of chlorophyll molecule, activates many enzymes |
Phosphorus | 0.1–0.8 | Component of ADP and ATP, nucleic acids, phospholipids, several coenzymes |
Sulfur | 0.05–1 | Components of some amino acids and proteins, coenzyme A |
Micronutrients | Concentrations (parts per million) | Important Functions |
Chlorine | 100–10,000 | Osmosis and ionic balance |
Iron | 25–300 | Chlorophyll synthesis, cytochromes, nitrogenase |
Micronutrients | Concentrations (parts per million) | Important Functions |
Manganese | 15–800 | Activator of certain enzymes |
Zinc | 15–100 | Activator of many enzymes, active in formation of chlorophyll |
Boron | 5–75 | Possibly involved in carbohydrate transport and nucleic acid synthesis |
Copper | 4–30 | Activator or component of certain enzymes |
Molybdenum | 0.1–5 | Nitrogen fixation, nitrate reduction |