Truman H. Newberry was the lead defendant in the Newberry v. United States case. He had served as President Theodore Roosevelt’s secretary of the Navy. He later defeated automobile manufacturer Henry Ford for a U.S. Senate seat in Michigan. Newberry spent more than $100,000 in his campaign, which led to his conviction under the Federal Corrupt Practices Act, a conviction reversed by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1921. Newberry finished out his term as senator but did not seek a second term.