After World War II, Jim Crow and segregation laws in the South began to slowly dismantle. Some black artists believed that art should be separate from race and politics that had dominated the subjects that black artists used in the 1940s and 1950s. Horace Pippin, William Edmondson, Clementine Hunter, and cartoonist E. Simms Campbell, who were self-taught, are in this group and went on to achieve widespread acclaim.