Nine justices were former state governors. These included John Jay, New York governor from 1795 to 1801 after he served on the U.S. Supreme Court; John Rutledge, South Carolina governor from 1779 to 1782; Thomas Johnson, Maryland governor (its first) from 1777 to 1779; William Paterson, New Jersey governor from 1790 to 1793; Levi Woodbury, New Hampshire governor from 1823 to 1824; Salmon P. Chase, Ohio governor from 1856 to 1860; Frank Murphy, Michigan governor from 1937 to 1939; James Francis Byrnes, South Carolina governor from 1951 to 1955, after his short stay on the U.S. Supreme Court (1941–42); and Chief Justice Earl Warren, California governor from 1943 to 1953.